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Frequently Asked Questions

General
Conceptual
Technological


Why this Web site comes in two versions?
Because (1) i value your time: compact versions are faster to read, and
(2) it partly demonstrates the 2D-info Space's principles, namely, navigation in Up and Down directions.

How people can read my 2D-information files without purchasing 2D-infoExplorer?

  • Refer this site for free downloading of the 2D-infoExplorer Lite, which can be used as a limited Viewer.
  • Use full version of 2D-infoExplorer to export a current infoPage into its read-only version, e.g., HTML page. Although the latter is only a part of available 2D-info content, it can be read with any browser. This can be a nice way of distributing your 2D-information without viewers, e.g., for a pre-sale demo purposes.
  • Use 2D-info SDK to develop your own 2D-info browser or other customized 2D-info applications.

Can 2D-information files be created with free 2D-infoExplorer Lite?
Yes. The 2D-infoExplorer Lite allows saving results of your working session as a .java file. However, the Lite version's editing functions are limited: only modifications to orientation of fragments in the 2D-info Space are allowed.


As 2D-information documents or .dc files have a potential ability to be a compilation of fragments from many sources, how it relates to the current copyright legislation?
As with any other perfectly legal file format, it depends on the content creator's fair use. Besides, a question of where exactly the personal copyright ends and the collective one begins has always been far beyond just a technological context.
Firstly, every 2D-info fragment has a special field to contain a name of its creator. Secondly, all similar concepts are located in one information block (InfoPage). The whole system is more transparent. To define "who is who" in the world of concepts, users can browse instances. In contrast, current copyright protection does not extend to ideas, concepts, principles and discoveries (*). From the copyright standpoint, texts are usually not examined for ideas, and therefore, their underlying concepts are unprotected! If, for example, you re-write a description of any idea in your own words, it will be completely your copyright. Also, in the most cases, a creative original compiling of existing information may be copyrighted separately.
To summarize, the proposed software is designed to process concepts. It's oriented toward dealing with a class of ideas, rather than with any specifically copyrighted text.

* - see for example on-line resources of the United States Copyright Office.

The most popular among users fragments may be no more than just a slightly modified version of already famous works, e.g., sentences from William Shakespeare's sonnets. There is a need in strict definitions as for what versions may be considered valid in information systems.
I see no trouble if someone presents ideas, expressed in the language of the 16th century, in terms of modern society. I read several translations of Shakespeare, - they all are very good. This is not to suggest we can simply take someone else's work and put our own name on it. Rather, we will be able to analyse, disintegrate and 'play' with information, making creative changes. Moreover, the 2D-info Space just encourages users to use a currently accepted terminology and precise language. The only way to be on the top is to present ideas in a clear way, understandable by majority of users. If interpreted knowledge is more valuable to users than original works, why the latter are treated as superior one?
Current copyright legislation widely uses such a vague notion as derivative work, which means a work containing a "substantial (?!) amount of new material". In contrast, the 2D-info Space approach makes no attempt to draw a line between similar fragments. In 2D-info systems, versions with even minor changes or additions of little substance to a pre-existing work may be qualified as Instances. In my opinion, the latter approach allows presenting information more realistically.

2D-info Space supports a flexible and somewhat customizable form of truth. We should perceive this world as it is, not as we think it is.
Yes, this is partly true, but who is going to be a judge? One of the most important tenets, which underlies the concepts of post-modernism, is recognizing that humans never have a pure or unbiased picture of the world: "What is obvious to one individual is not obvious to another… Humans actually create what they want to see as concepts, and values are filters, which determine what is observed". Even "science is just one human way of looking at the world or reality" (*). Individuals must have a right to see or know the world in different ways.

* - Dan Remenyi, "Achieving maximum value from information systems. A process approach", John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 1997, pp. 18-19.

2D-info Space makes information extremely dependent on readers who work with it. What if an education level of audience is lower than it should be expected? Will the quality of information in a 2D-info system suffer because of this?
Yes, it will. Improving educational level of society is beyond the scope of the proposed software :)
The 2D-info Space reflects a prevailing opinion for majority of users. The self-regulating is simple: users may enter some rubbish, but it is unlikely that majority of people accept this rubbish. If, however, the latter decide to accept, very little can be done about it only by means of technology.
Ideally, updating of 2D-information should be a function of both the number of selections and total number of users. If only few people showed interest in a particular subject, it would be changed very slowly, no matter how many selections they made.

Creating the 2D-information can be a very time-consuming and expensive process comparing, for example, to writing conventional books.
However, this is the only way to make a significant advance in developing some fundamental knowledge paradigm shift. The 2D-information programming takes time, but results could be in a far higher level of benefits being achieved. The benefits are mostly intangible: Better information. Better quality.
Building information content never was an easy thing. If, however, you are serious about information, you just have to spend some time for reading and pre-analyzing the data. It really would be cheaper to convert your information into personal 2D-info Space once, rather then to search through non-structured data again and again. Analyzing is a hard task. But if it's valuable for us, we are doing this job anyway. If it's not, we are simply throwing the data away, like we do with old newspapers; or leaving it untouched for years in the dust of a library's shelves.
The 2D-info Space is useful only if we are going to keep using information in a long-term perspective! Learning and research are the most obvious examples of such investment into the future.


Why the Lite version of 2d-infoExplorer does not work with JRE?
In fact, its underlying code does. However, the JRE works only with .class files. As the Lite and full versions have different infoEngines, there will be a conflict between their compiled content files. Java runtime environment always checks .class files before executing, and that checking prevents using otherwise perfectly compatible components. Therefore, creating .class files with the JDK at a run-time is a safe way of opening any version of 2D-information.

Are there limitations as for the size of data files?
I saved 1MB of text content as 2d-information file, but could not open it.

The resulting 2d-information files are Java programs. It means that if a method requires more than 64K bytes of code, the current version of the JavaSoft's Virtual Machine may refuse the resulting class file! Therefore, the 2D-infoExplorer supports only data files with less than 64K of content.
However, the whole 2D-info Space concept is oriented toward using mostly unformatted short fragments. This way, 64K can represent many pages of plain text! What is more, full version of the 2D-infoExplorer has a built-in Data Compiler, which allows describing content as a compact Code. In this case, each(!) line of the Code is able to generate almost unlimited number of pages at a runtime. In other words, computing power can compensate the memory shortage.


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